Ī dramaturgical action is a social action that is designed to be seen by others and to improve one's public self-image. If the actor succeeds, the audience will view the actor as he or she wants to be viewed. The goal of this presentation of self is acceptance from the audience through carefully conducted performance. Performances can have disruptions (actors are aware of such), but most are successful. Goffman forms a theatrical metaphor in defining the method in which one human being presents itself to another based on cultural values, norms, and beliefs. In other words, to Goffman, the self is a sense of who one is, a dramatic effect emerging from the immediate scene being presented. In dramaturgical sociology, it is argued that the elements of human interactions are dependent upon time, place, and audience. If we imagine ourselves as directors observing what goes on in the theatre of everyday life, we are doing what Goffman called dramaturgical analysis, the study of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance. The fundamental difference between Burke's and Goffman's view, however, is that Burke believed that life was in fact theatre, whereas Goffman viewed theatre as a metaphor. Kenneth Burke, whom Goffman would later acknowledge as an influence, had earlier presented his notions of dramatism in 1945, which in turn derives from Shakespeare. The term was first adapted into sociology from the theatre by Erving Goffman, who developed most of the related terminology and ideas in his 1956 book, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Located at: Wikimedia.Dramaturgy is a sociological perspective commonly used in micro-sociological accounts of social interaction in everyday life. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike Located at: en./wiki/Impression%20Management. Located at: en./wiki/Dramaturgy_(sociology). Located at: License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike Located at: en./wiki/Symbolic_interactionism. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlikeĬC LICENSED CONTENT, SPECIFIC ATTRIBUTION Front Stage: Actions that are visible to the audience and are part of the performance.Back Stage: Actions that only occur when the audience is not around.Impression Management: In sociology and social psychology, impression management is a goal-directed conscious or unconscious process in which people attempt to influence the perceptions of other people about a person, object or event they do so by regulating and controlling information in social interaction.Performance Stage: Erving Goffman uses the metaphor of a stage to explain human behavior in everyday life. This shows how individuals are constantly attuned to audience and will alter their behaviors accordingly. However, as soon as the customer leaves, the barista might deride the customer to coworkers. The barista wishes to convey to the customer that she is willing to meet the customer’s needs. While on the clock and in front of customers, baristas will typically do what the customer wants and try to look untroubled by obnoxious requests. An example of this would be the type of customer service embodied by baristas at the local coffee shop. Front stage actions are those that are visible to the audience and are part of the performance, while back stage actions only occur when the audience is not around. Goffman explains this awareness in terms of front stage and back stage behaviors. The interrelatedness of the individual’s sense of identity and society is evidenced by the actor’s acute awareness of the audience. The performer is always aware that the audience is doing evaluative work on its own and might doubt the authenticity of the performance. Dramaturgy binds both presentation and reception, demonstrating that one’s identity is fundamentally intertwined with society outside of oneself. An individual invests energy in portraying a particular identity to other people. The innovative strength of the dramaturgical perspective is its recognition of the “two-way street” nature of identity management.
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